Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics ›› 2022, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 1238-1257.doi: 10.23919/JSEE.2022.000145
• SYSTEMS ENGINEERING • Previous Articles
Yue WANG(
), Fuping SUN(), Jinming HAO(), Lundong ZHANG(), Xian WANG()
Received:2021-06-27
Online:2022-12-18
Published:2022-12-24
Contact:
Fuping SUN
E-mail:2895771372@qq.com;sun.fp@163.com;haojm@139.com;zhangldxd@163.com;18595823270@163.com
About author:Supported by:Yue WANG, Fuping SUN, Jinming HAO, Lundong ZHANG, Xian WANG. Evaluation of global navigation satellite system spoofing efficacy[J]. Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2022, 33(6): 1238-1257.
Fig 1
Hierarchical structure for spoofing strategies corresponding to confrontational scenarios"
Table 1
Interval-valued judging matrix corresponding to strategy matrix used in antagonistic game"
| Mode | Df4 | Df3 | Df2 | Df1 |
| At1 | [2,3] | [1,2] | [1,1] | [1/2,1] |
| At2 | [3,4] | [2,3] | [1,2] | [1,1] |
| At3 | [1,1] | [1/2,1] | [1/3,1/2] | [1/4,1/3] |
| At4 | [2,3] | [1,2] | [1,1] | [1/2,1] |
| At5 | [3,4] | [2,3] | [1,2] | [1,1] |
Fig 2
Simulated charts of triangular with trapezoidal membership function corresponding to noise power intensity"
Table 2
Indicator testing values and membership parameters of corresponding spoofing mode"
| Index | Index property | Original OL | Indicator OU | Testing value corresponding to Schemes 1−3 | Membership parameter | |||||||
| O (Scheme 1) | O (Scheme 2) | O (Scheme 3) | o1 | o2 | o3 | o4 | o5 | |||||
| Id1/s | Negative-smaller is better | 0.10 | 10.00 | 6.90 | 2.10 | 4.86 | 0.00 | 2.80 | 5.60 | 8.40 | 11.20 | |
| Id2/km | Positive-larger is better | 100.00 | 800.00 | 356.45 | 334.78 | 368.91 | 50.00 | 250.00 | 450.00 | 650.00 | 850.00 | |
| Id3/(m·s−1) | Negative | 0.000 1 | 0.005 0 | 0.002 5 | 0.002 0 | 0.003 0 | 0.000 1 | 0.000 2 | 0.000 6 | 0.002 1 | 0.007 5 | |
| Id4/m | Negative | 0.01 | 30.00 | 12.00 | 23.00 | 6.00 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.50 | 5.00 | 50.00 | |
| Id5/m | Negative | 0.01 | 0.20 | 0.03 | 0.16 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.09 | 0.23 | |
| Id6/(ns·h−1) | Negative | 1 | 200 | 195 | 193 | 198 | 0 | 50 | 100 | 150 | 200 | |
| Id7/chip | Negative | 0.10 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.05 | 0.12 | 0.26 | 0.61 | 1.40 | |
| Id8/dB | Moderate | 10 | 22 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 1 | 7 | 13 | 19 | 25 | |
| Id9 | Negative | 1 | 10 | 7 | 3 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 16 | |
| Id10/dB | Moderate | 4 | 25 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 8 | 15 | 22 | 29 | |
| Id11/% | Positive | 0.05 | 100.00 | 81.67 | 84.33 | 83.00 | 0.01 | 0.10 | 1.00 | 10.00 | 100.00 | |
| Id12/dB | Moderate | 0.01 | 31.00 | 24.41 | 24.69 | 24.80 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.50 | 5.00 | 50.00 | |
| Id13/s | Negative | 12.00 | 70.00 | 61.05 | 58.52 | 55.86 | 10.00 | 25.00 | 40.00 | 55.00 | 70.00 | |
| Id14/s | Negative | 7 | 3 069 | 241 | 263 | 255 | 5 | 25 | 125 | 625 | 3 125 | |
| Id15 | Positive | 1 | 9 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 16 | |
| Id16 | Positive | 1 | 9 | 6 | 7 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 16 | |
Fig 3
Steps involved in GNSS spoofing efficacy evaluation"
Fig 4
Testing platforms for evaluating GNSS spoofing efficacy"
Fig 5
Fixed-point spoofing scenario with project examples by software"
Fig 6
Trajectory deception test scenario with corresponding project examples"
Fig 7
Positioning errors XError, YError, and HError in the X-, Y- and H-directions, respectively "
Fig 8
Summary of preprocessing results for original indicators"
Fig 9
Comparison of correlations obtained by different evaluation methods with standard correlations"
Fig 10
Contrastive analysis of results obtained by different evaluation methods based on judging indicators"
Fig 11
Comparison of the distance degrees of the dynamic evaluation results and interval values"
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