Fig 1

Schematic diagram of LVC TC training"

Fig 2

Classification of intelligent decision methods"

Table 1

Comparison of VE intelligent decision making methods"

Fig 3

Schematic diagram of an MAS"

Fig 4

Zero-sum SG"

Fig 5

SG model"

Table 2

Local state space design"

Fig 6

Action space design"

Fig 7

Schematic diagram of PF"

Fig 8

Actual PPF of red tank"

Fig 9

Schematic diagram of DRPPF"

Fig 10

Situation of no enemy entities being in ${\boldsymbol{i}}$ ’s range "

Fig 11

Situation of enemy entities being within ${\boldsymbol{i}} $ ’s range "

Fig 12

Situation of an entity only shooting at only one enemy entity at a time"

Fig 13

Multiple entities shooting at one enemy entity simultaneously"

Fig 14

j and k shooting at ${\boldsymbol{i }}$ simultaneously "

Fig 15

Principle diagram of MARL"

Fig 16

Optimal policy solution diagram of zero-sum SG"

Fig 17

MADRL solution method"

Fig 18

EMADRL solution framework"

Fig 19

Step 1 of EMADRL solution"

Fig 20

Step 2 of EMADRL solution"

Fig 21

Schematic diagram of LVC TCAS"

Fig 22

Visual display of 2000 times TC data between personnel-in-loops"

Fig 23

Three combat plans of the red"

Fig 24

Flow diagram of red Plan A"

Fig 25

Flow diagram of red Plan B"

Fig 26

Flow diagram of Plan C"

Fig 27

"

Fig 27

"

Fig 27

Statistical diagram of TC data"

Table 3

Agent winning percentage statistics"

Fig 28

${\boldsymbol{\pi}} _{{{\bf{A}}}}^{\text{*}}$ conduct TC test with Plans B and C "

Fig 29

Optimal neural network weight distribution for different plans"

Table 4

COA of 14905 tanks"

Table 5

COA difference degree matrix of 14905 tanks"

Fig 30

VE decision process diagram"

Fig 31

Statistical chart of TC data"

Table 6

Comparison of game confrontation problem in real combat and combat simulation"