Monopulse instantaneous 3D imaging for wideband radar system

doi:10.23919/JSEE.2021.000007

Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 53-67.doi: 10.23919/JSEE.2021.000007

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Monopulse instantaneous 3D imaging for wideband radar system

Yuhan LI¹(), Wei QI²(), Zhenmiao DENG^3,*(), Maozhong FU¹(), Yunjian ZHANG³()

¹ School of Information, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
² Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunications Technology, Beijing 100094, China
³ School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China

Received:2020-05-09 Online:2021-02-25 Published:2021-02-25
Contact: Zhenmiao DENG E-mail:yuhanlily@gmail.com;robyche@163.com;dengzhm7@sysu.edu.cn;Maozhongfu@gmail.com;zhangyunj@mail.sysu.edu.cn
About author:|LI Yuhan was born in 1995. She received her B.S. degree in communication engineering in 2017 from Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China. She is currently pursuing her Ph.D. degree in communication engineering at Xiamen University. Her current research interests include radar imaging and radar signal processing. E-mail: yuhanlily@gmail.com||QI Wei was born in1982. He received his Ph.D. degree in engineering mechanics from Beihang University in 2011. He is currently a senior engineer in Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunications Technology, Beijing, China. His research interests include space engineering, radar signal processing, target tracking recognition and satellite navigation. E-mail: robyche@163.com||DENG Zhenmiao was born in 1977. He received his B.S. degree in electronic engineering from Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (NUAA), Nanjing, China, in 1999, and Ph.D. degree in signal and information processing from NUAA, Nanjing, China, in 2007. From 2007 to 2009, he was a post-doctor research fellow in the College of Automation Engineering, NUAA, Nanjing, China, working in the field of signal detection and parameter estimation. From 2010 to 2019, he was a professor with the College of Information, Xiamen University. He is currently an professor with the Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou. His current research interests include signal detection, parameter estimation, array signal processing, and multirate signal processing. E-mail: dengzhm7@sysu.edu.cn||FU Maozhong was born in 1990. He received his B.S. and M.S. degrees from Xiamen University (XMU), Xiamen, China, in 2012 and 2015, respectively. He is currently pursuing his Ph.D. degree in communication engineering at XMU. His current research interests include parameter estimation and radar signal processing. E-mail: Maozhongfu@gmail.com||ZHANG Yunjian was born in 1986. He received his B.E. degree in communication engineering from Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China, in 2008, M.S. degree in electronics and communication engineering from University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China, in 2013, and Ph.D. degree in communication engineering from Xiamen University (XMU), Xiamen, China, in 2016. From 2017 to 2019, He was a post-doctoral research fellow with the School of Information Science and Engineering, XMU. He is currently an assistant professor with the Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou. His research interests include statistical signal processing, parameter estimation, and target detection. E-mail: zhangyunj@mail.sysu.edu.cn
Supported by:
This work was supported by the Science and Technique Commission Foundation of Fujian Province (2018H6023)

Abstract

Abstract:

To avoid the complicated motion compensation in interferometric inverse synthetic aperture (InISAR) and achieve real-time three-dimensional (3D) imaging, a novel approach for 3D imaging of the target only using a single echo is presented. This method is based on an isolated scatterer model assumption, thus the scatterers in the beam can be extracted individually. The radial range of each scatterer is estimated by the maximal likelihood estimation. Then, the horizontal and vertical wave path difference is derived by using the phase comparison technology for each scatterer, respectively. Finally, by utilizing the relationship among the 3D coordinates, the radial range, the horizontal and vertical wave path difference, the 3D image of the target can be reconstructed. The reconstructed image is free from the limitation in InISAR that the image plane depends on the target ’s own motions and on its relative position with respect to the radar. Furthermore, a phase ambiguity resolution method is adopted to ensure the success of the 3D imaging when phase ambiguity occurs. It can be noted that the proposed phase ambiguity resolution method only uses one antenna pair and does not require a priori knowledge, whereas the existing phase ambiguity methods may require two or more antenna pairs or a priori knowledge for phase unwarping. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, the theoretical analyses on estimation accuracy are presented and the simulations in various scenarios are also carried out.

Key words: cross-correlation operation, phase ambiguity resolution, wave path difference estimation, monopulse three-dimensional (3D) imaging

Yuhan LI, Wei QI, Zhenmiao DENG, Maozhong FU, Yunjian ZHANG. Monopulse instantaneous 3D imaging for wideband radar system[J]. Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2021, 32(1): 53-67.

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Item name	FLOP count
Step 1	$3[6(2K + 1) + 10(2K + 1){\log _2}(2K + 1)]$
Step 2	$2[6(2K + 1) + 10(2K + 1){\log _2}(2K + 1)]$
Step 3	$6{N_{{\rm{mle}}}}(2K + 1){\rm{ + }}{N_{{\rm{mle}}}}{\rm{ + 3[6}}(2K + 1)]$
Step 4	$2[6(2K + 1) + 10(2K + 1){\log _2}(2K + 1)]$
Step 5	$22$

Parameter	Symbol	Value
Carrier frequency/ ${\rm{GHz}}$	${f_c}$	10
Bandwidth/ ${\rm{GHz}}$	${B_w}$	2
Pulse width/μs	$T$	100
Sampling frequency/ ${\rm{GHz}}$	${f_s}$	2
Frequency step/ ${\rm{KHz}}$	$\Delta f$	10
Wavelength/ ${\rm{m}}$	$\lambda $	0.03
Sampling points	${N_s}$	200 000
Central coordinate/ ${\rm{m}}$	$({x_0},{y_0},{z_0})$	(58 000, 33 000, 75 000)
Radial range/ ${\rm{m}}$	$R$	100 000

Parameter	Value
Start frequency/ ${\rm{GHz}}$	1
End frequency/ ${\rm{GHz}}$	9
Carrier frequency/ ${\rm{GHz}}$	5
Number of frequency	256
Pitch angle/( $^\circ $ )	?118
Azimuth angle/( $^\circ $ )	45
SNR/dB	10
Motor height /m	0.032
Motor radius /m	0.014

Monopulse instantaneous 3D imaging for wideband radar system

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